What is X-or gate ?

An XOR gate (exclusive OR gate) is a digital logic gate that outputs true (1) only when the number of true inputs is odd. In other words, the output is true if the inputs are different, and false (0) if the inputs are the same. The XOR gate is represented by the symbol ⊕ or sometimes by the symbol ⊻.

X-OR (Exclusive OR) Gate

An XOR (Exclusive OR) gate is a logic gate that performs the exclusive OR operation on two input signals (A and B). The output (F) is true (1) if only one of the inputs is true, and false (0) if both inputs are either true or false.

Truth Table:

| A | B | F |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |

Operation:

The XOR gate outputs a 1 only when exactly one of the input signals is 1 (i.e., A XOR B). In all other cases, it outputs a 0.

Schematic Symbol:

[Image of XOR gate symbol]

Applications:

XOR gates are commonly used in digital circuits for:

- Parity checking: Determining if the number of 1's in a set of binary digits is odd or even.
- Adder circuits: Implementing the half-adder (with a carry-out) and full-adder (with a carry-in and carry-out).
- Control logic: Creating state machines and implementing Boolean functions.
- Communication protocols: Encoding and decoding signals in data transmission.