What is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass in 25 grams of ethanol (C2H6O) with calculations?

To find the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass in ethanol (C2H6O), we first need to calculate the molar mass of each element:

Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the molar mass of ethanol (C2H6O):
Molar mass of ethanol = (2 * molar mass of carbon) + (6 * molar mass of hydrogen) + (1 * molar mass of oxygen)
Molar mass of ethanol = (2 * 12.01 g/mol) + (6 * 1.01 g/mol) + (1 * 16.00 g/mol)
Molar mass of ethanol = 24.02 g/mol + 6.06 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of ethanol = 46.08 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the mass of each element in 25 grams of ethanol:
Mass of carbon = (2 * molar mass of carbon) / molar mass of ethanol * 25 g
Mass of carbon = (2 * 12.01 g/mol) / 46.08 g/mol * 25 g
Mass of carbon = 24.02 g / 46.08 g * 25 g
Mass of carbon = 12.99 g

Mass of hydrogen = (6 * molar mass of hydrogen) / molar mass of ethanol * 25 g
Mass of hydrogen = (6 * 1.01 g/mol) / 46.08 g/mol * 25 g
Mass of hydrogen = 6.06 g / 46.08 g * 25 g
Mass of hydrogen = 3.28 g

Mass of oxygen = (1 * molar mass of oxygen) / molar mass of ethanol * 25 g
Mass of oxygen = (1 * 16.00 g/mol) / 46.08 g/mol * 25 g
Mass of oxygen = 16.00 g / 46.08 g * 25 g
Mass of oxygen = 8.73 g

Now, we can calculate the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass:
Ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen = 12.99 g : 3.28 g : 8.73 g
Ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen = 3.96 : 1 : 2.66

Therefore, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass in 25 grams of ethanol is approximately 3.96 : 1 : 2.66.

Calculations:

1. Calculate the molar mass of ethanol (C2H6O):
```
Molar mass = 2 x atomic mass of C + 6 x atomic mass of H + 1 x atomic mass of O
Molar mass = 2 x 12 g/mol + 6 x 1 g/mol + 1 x 16 g/mol
Molar mass = 46 g/mol
```

2. Convert the given mass of ethanol (25 g) to moles:
```
Moles of ethanol = Mass / Molar mass
Moles of ethanol = 25 g / 46 g/mol
Moles of ethanol = 0.5435 mol
```

3. Determine the mass of each element in 0.5435 mol of ethanol:
```
Mass of carbon (2C) = Moles of ethanol x Molar mass of carbon atoms
Mass of carbon = 0.5435 mol x 2 x 12 g/mol
Mass of carbon = 13.0 g

Mass of hydrogen (6H) = Moles of ethanol x Molar mass of hydrogen atoms
Mass of hydrogen = 0.5435 mol x 6 x 1 g/mol
Mass of hydrogen = 3.26 g

Mass of oxygen (O) = Moles of ethanol x Molar mass of oxygen atom
Mass of oxygen = 0.5435 mol x 1 x 16 g/mol
Mass of oxygen = 8.7 g
```

4. Calculate the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass:
```
Ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen = Mass of carbon : Mass of hydrogen : Mass of oxygen
Ratio = 13.0 g : 3.26 g : 8.7 g
```

Therefore, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen by mass in 25 grams of ethanol is approximately 13 : 3.3 : 8.7.