What is the meaning of penal system?

The penal system refers to the set of institutions, policies, and practices established by a government to enforce punishment and rehabilitation for individuals who have been convicted of crimes. It encompasses various components such as prisons, correctional facilities, probation, parole, and other forms of legal sanctions. The primary goals of the penal system are often considered to be punishment, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Punishment aims to hold individuals accountable for their actions, deter potential offenders by showcasing the consequences of criminal behavior, and protect society by removing dangerous individuals from the community. Rehabilitation focuses on helping offenders reintegrate into society through education, vocational training, counseling, and other programs aimed at reducing recidivism. It's important to note that the specific approaches and philosophies of penal systems can vary across different countries and jurisdictions, reflecting cultural, legal, and societal perspectives on crime and punishment.