What is the difference between language acquisition and language learning?

Language acquisition refers to the natural, subconscious process by which individuals acquire their first language, typically during childhood. This process involves exposure to language input, interaction with others, and the development of language skills without formal instruction.

Language learning, on the other hand, refers to the conscious, deliberate process of studying and acquiring a new language, often through formal instruction or self-study. Language learning can occur at any age and involves the explicit learning of grammar rules, vocabulary, and language skills.

In summary, language acquisition is the natural process of acquiring a first language, while language learning is the deliberate process of acquiring a second or foreign language.