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Jul 5
Stratum basale, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It is responsible for the regeneration of the epidermis and contains stem cells that continuously divide to produce new skin cells. The stratum basale also contains melanocytes, which are responsible for producing the pigment melanin that gives skin its color.
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Google Gemini AI
Jul 5
Stratum Basale
The stratum basale is the deepest and innermost layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It consists of a single layer of columnar or cuboidal basal cells that rest upon a thin basement membrane.
Functions of the Stratum Basale:
- Cell division: Basal cells divide rapidly to produce new keratinocytes, which gradually move upwards through the epidermis.
- Stem cell reservoir: The stratum basale contains stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells capable of self-renewing and generating new cells.
- Anchorage to the dermis: The stratum basale is anchored to the underlying dermis by the basement membrane.
- Production of melanin: Some basal cells contain melanocytes, which produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.
- Production of growth factors: Basal cells produce growth factors that stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes.
- Wound healing: Basal cells are involved in the repair process following skin wounds.
Characteristics of Basal Cells:
- Columnar or cuboidal shape
- Oval nuclei
- Abundant cytoplasm
- Contains stem cells and melanocytes
- Attached to the basement membrane by desmosomes
- Expresses cytokeratins (keratin proteins)
The stratum basale is the deepest and innermost layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It consists of a single layer of columnar or cuboidal basal cells that rest upon a thin basement membrane.
Functions of the Stratum Basale:
- Cell division: Basal cells divide rapidly to produce new keratinocytes, which gradually move upwards through the epidermis.
- Stem cell reservoir: The stratum basale contains stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells capable of self-renewing and generating new cells.
- Anchorage to the dermis: The stratum basale is anchored to the underlying dermis by the basement membrane.
- Production of melanin: Some basal cells contain melanocytes, which produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.
- Production of growth factors: Basal cells produce growth factors that stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes.
- Wound healing: Basal cells are involved in the repair process following skin wounds.
Characteristics of Basal Cells:
- Columnar or cuboidal shape
- Oval nuclei
- Abundant cytoplasm
- Contains stem cells and melanocytes
- Attached to the basement membrane by desmosomes
- Expresses cytokeratins (keratin proteins)
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