What is source of conflict between sudan and south sudan?

The main source of conflict between Sudan and South Sudan is the dispute over the oil-rich region of Abyei, as well as disagreements over border demarcation, citizenship rights, and the sharing of oil revenues. Additionally, there are historical tensions between the two countries stemming from the long and bloody civil war that led to the eventual secession of South Sudan in 2011. Other factors contributing to the conflict include ethnic divisions, competition for resources, and political instability in both countries.

Oil Resources:

- Ownership and sharing of vast oil reserves in border areas.
- South Sudan claims a majority share of the oil, while Sudan insists on a 50/50 split.

Political and Economic Disputes:

- Historic marginalization and discrimination of South Sudan by the Sudanese government.
- Unresolved issues related to citizenship, borders, and resource distribution.

Ethnic and Cultural Differences:

- Longstanding ethnic and cultural tensions between the predominantly Arab-Muslim north and the Christian-animist south.
- Differences in governance structures and social customs.

Boundary Demarcation:

- Unresolved disputes over the precise location of the border between Sudan and South Sudan.
- Accusations of territory encroachment and resource exploitation.

Water Resources:

- The Nile River flows through both countries.
- Concerns over water usage and dam construction have led to tensions and disputes.

History of Civil War:

- The Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005) centered on the conflict between the north and south.
- The war resulted in significant casualties and human rights violations.

International Involvement:

- External actors, including the United States, have played a role in mediating and resolving conflicts.
- However, international efforts have often been complicated by shifting alliances and local power dynamics.