Algae are classified based on several criteria, including their pigmentation, cell structure, and mode of reproduction. The main basis of classification for algae is their pigmentation, which is determined by the presence of different types of photosynthetic pigments. Algae are classified into different groups based on their pigmentation, including green algae, red algae, brown algae, and diatoms. Other criteria used for classification include the presence of cell walls, flagella, and the type of reproductive structures.