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3 hours ago
Qiyas is a method of analogical reasoning in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) where the ruling of a known issue is applied to a new issue that has not been explicitly addressed in the Quran or Hadith. It involves comparing the new issue to a known issue in order to determine the ruling based on similarities between the two. Qiyas is considered one of the four fundamental sources of Islamic law, along with the Quran, Hadith, and Ijma (consensus of scholars).
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Google Gemini AI
3 hours ago
Qiyas
Definition:
Qiyas is a deductive legal reasoning method in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) where a rule established in the primary sources (Quran and Sunnah) is applied to a similar but unforeseen situation.
Process:
Qiyas involves:
- Establishing a general rule: Identifying a principle or rule that has been explicitly stated in the Quran or Sunnah.
- Finding a new situation: Identifying an issue that is similar to the one covered by the general rule but is not explicitly addressed.
- Identifying the common element (illah): Determining the shared characteristic or principle that connects the new situation to the general rule.
- Applying the rule: Extending the general rule to the new situation based on the common element.
Conditions for Valid Qiyas:
- The general rule must be established by a reliable source (Quran or Sunnah).
- The new situation must be analogous to the original situation.
- The common element must be clear and decisive.
- The extension of the rule to the new situation must be logical and consistent.
Purpose:
Qiyas allows jurists to derive new legal rulings for situations that are not explicitly covered in the primary sources. It complements the principles of revelation (nass) and ijma (consensus) to ensure that Islamic law remains relevant and adaptable to changing circumstances.
Example:
- General rule: The Quran prohibits intoxicants (khamr).
- New situation: The specific substance "vodka" is not mentioned in the Quran.
- Common element: The intoxicating effect of alcohol.
- Application of qiyas: Vodka is considered prohibited because it shares the intoxicating element with khamr.
Definition:
Qiyas is a deductive legal reasoning method in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) where a rule established in the primary sources (Quran and Sunnah) is applied to a similar but unforeseen situation.
Process:
Qiyas involves:
- Establishing a general rule: Identifying a principle or rule that has been explicitly stated in the Quran or Sunnah.
- Finding a new situation: Identifying an issue that is similar to the one covered by the general rule but is not explicitly addressed.
- Identifying the common element (illah): Determining the shared characteristic or principle that connects the new situation to the general rule.
- Applying the rule: Extending the general rule to the new situation based on the common element.
Conditions for Valid Qiyas:
- The general rule must be established by a reliable source (Quran or Sunnah).
- The new situation must be analogous to the original situation.
- The common element must be clear and decisive.
- The extension of the rule to the new situation must be logical and consistent.
Purpose:
Qiyas allows jurists to derive new legal rulings for situations that are not explicitly covered in the primary sources. It complements the principles of revelation (nass) and ijma (consensus) to ensure that Islamic law remains relevant and adaptable to changing circumstances.
Example:
- General rule: The Quran prohibits intoxicants (khamr).
- New situation: The specific substance "vodka" is not mentioned in the Quran.
- Common element: The intoxicating effect of alcohol.
- Application of qiyas: Vodka is considered prohibited because it shares the intoxicating element with khamr.
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