The meninges are a set of three protective membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. They are composed of three layers: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The dura mater is the outermost and toughest layer, providing a strong protective barrier. The arachnoid mater is the middle layer, and it is filled with cerebrospinal fluid that helps cushion and protect the brain and spinal cord. The pia mater is the innermost layer, directly adhering to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, providing nourishment and support. The meninges play a crucial role in protecting the central nervous system from injury and infection.