Definition:
A community is a group of individuals who share a common identity, values, beliefs, norms, and social interactions. It is a social system that provides support, resources, and a sense of belonging to its members.
Characteristics of a Community:
- Shared Identity: Members of a community identify themselves as part of the group and feel connected to its values and traditions.
- Shared Values and Beliefs: Communities often have common beliefs, values, and goals that guide their interactions and behaviors.
- Established Norms: Social norms govern acceptable and unacceptable behavior within the community.
- Social Interactions: Communities are characterized by regular and meaningful interactions among their members, including social gatherings, events, and shared activities.
- Sense of Belonging: Members of a community experience a sense of belonging and connection to the group, feeling valued and supported.
- Shared Resources: Communities provide access to resources such as education, healthcare, social services, and cultural amenities that benefit their members.
Types of Communities:
- Geographic: Communities based on proximity, such as neighborhoods, towns, and cities.
- Interest-Based: Communities based on shared interests, such as hobby groups, sports clubs, or professional organizations.
- Identity-Based: Communities based on shared identities, such as ethnic, religious, or LGBTQIA+ communities.
- Virtual: Communities that exist primarily online through social media, forums, and virtual meeting spaces.
- Intentional: Communities created with a specific purpose or mission, such as ecovillages or retirement communities.
Functions of a Community:
- Social Support: Provides emotional, social, and practical help to its members.
- Identity Formation: Helps individuals develop a sense of self and belonging.
- Socialization: Transmits values, norms, and behaviors to new members.
- Resilience: Enhances the ability of members to adapt and cope with challenges.
- Resource Provision: Provides access to resources and services that benefit members.