What does the rock appearance and properties depend on?

The appearance and properties of a rock depend on its mineral composition, texture, and formation process. The mineral composition determines the color, hardness, and other physical properties of the rock. The texture refers to the size and arrangement of the mineral grains within the rock, which can range from fine-grained to coarse-grained. The formation process, such as cooling and solidification of magma or compaction and cementation of sediment, also plays a role in determining the appearance and properties of a rock.