Miscarriage, also known as spontaneous abortion, can occur due to various reasons. Some common causes of miscarriage in women include:
1. Chromosomal abnormalities: Most miscarriages occur due to chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. These abnormalities can occur randomly during the formation of sperm or egg, or during fertilization. As a result, the fetus may not develop properly, leading to a miscarriage.
2. Hormonal problems: Imbalances in hormones, such as progesterone, can affect the development of the uterine lining necessary for implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. Hormonal issues can increase the risk of miscarriage.
3. Uterine abnormalities: Structural abnormalities in the uterus, such as fibroids, polyps, or a septum, can interfere with implantation or the growth of the fetus, leading to a miscarriage.
4. Infections: Certain infections, such as bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, or sexually transmitted infections, can increase the risk of miscarriage.
5. Chronic health conditions: Women with chronic health conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, autoimmune diseases, or uncontrolled high blood pressure may have an increased risk of miscarriage.
6. Maternal age: Advanced maternal age (typically over 35) is associated with a higher risk of miscarriage. This is partly due to an increased likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities in the eggs as women age.
7. Lifestyle factors: Certain lifestyle choices, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, or exposure to environmental toxins, can increase the risk of miscarriage.
8. Maternal trauma: Severe trauma or injury to the mother, such as a car accident or physical abuse, can sometimes lead to miscarriage.
It is important to note that in many cases, the exact cause of miscarriage remains unknown, as it can be a complex and multifactorial event. If a woman experiences recurrent miscarriages, further medical evaluation may be necessary to identify any underlying causes.