What are the stationary, rotary, reciprocating, and auxiliary parts of an engine?

Stationary parts of an engine include the engine block, cylinder head, and crankcase. Rotary parts include the crankshaft and camshaft. Reciprocating parts include the pistons and connecting rods. Auxiliary parts include the oil pump, water pump, and fuel pump.

Stationary Parts

- Engine block: Main housing that supports cylinder liners and other stationary parts.
- Cylinder head: Covers the cylinder and creates the combustion chamber.
- Valve seats: Support and guide engine valves.
- Valve springs: Return valves to their closed position.
- Oil pan: Contains and stores engine oil for lubrication.

Rotary Parts

- Crankshaft: Converts reciprocating motion of pistons into rotary motion.
- Camshaft: Controls the opening and closing of engine valves.
- Flywheel: Stores kinetic energy and maintains engine speed.

Reciprocating Parts

- Piston: Moves up and down in the cylinder, compressing and igniting the air-fuel mixture.
- Piston rings: Seal the piston to the cylinder walls, preventing leakage of air-fuel mixture and combustion gases.
- Connecting rod: Connects the piston to the crankshaft, transmitting reciprocating motion to rotary motion.

Auxiliary Parts

- Fuel system: Supplies fuel to the engine for combustion.
- Ignition system: Generates and controls electrical sparks to ignite the air-fuel mixture.
- Lubrication system: Distributes oil throughout the engine to reduce friction and wear.
- Cooling system: Removes excess heat from the engine to prevent overheating.
- Intake and exhaust systems: Allow air in and exhaust gases out of the engine.