Stage 1: Cultivation and Harvesting
- Land preparation, seed selection, sowing, irrigation, fertilization
- Harvesting and threshing to separate grains from stalks
Stage 2: Primary Processing
- Cleaning and Sorting: Removing impurities, such as dust, stones, and other grains
- Milling: Breaking down wheat grains into flour, bran, and germ
- Tempering: Adjusting the moisture content to improve milling efficiency
Stage 3: Secondary Processing
- Flour Production:
- Grinding and sifting to produce different grades of flour (e.g., whole wheat, white flour, all-purpose flour)
- Enrichment or fortification with vitamins and minerals
- Bran and Germ Utilization:
- Used as ingredients in cereals, animal feed, and dietary supplements
Stage 4: Advanced Processing
- Baking:
- Combining flour, water, yeast, and other ingredients to produce bread, pastries, and other baked goods
- Pasta Production:
- Extruding dough made from wheat flour and water to create various shapes of pasta
- Other Food Products:
- Used as an ingredient in crackers, cookies, cereals, and processed foods
Stage 5: Value-Added Products
- Breadcrumbs: Used as a coating for fried foods or as a filling
- Wheat Gluten: A protein extracted from wheat flour, used in food processing and as a nutritional supplement
- Wheat Germ Oil: A nutritious oil extracted from wheat germ, rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and fatty acids
- Fermented Wheat Products: Used as a natural flavoring and souring agent in bread, pastries, and alcoholic beverages