- Dissecting microscope: A microscope that is used to examine small specimens that are transparent. - Inverted microscope: A microscope that is used to examine specimens that are grown on the bottom of a petri dish or other transparent container. - Fluorescence microscope: A microscope that is used to examine specimens that emit light when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. - Electron microscope: A microscope that is used to examine specimens that are very small or thin. - Centrifuge: A machine that is used to separate particles in a solution by spinning the solution at high speed. - Spectrophotometer: A machine that is used to measure the amount of light that is absorbed or emitted by a sample. - Electrophoresis apparatus: A machine that is used to separate proteins or nucleic acids by their molecular weight. - PCR machine: A machine that is used to amplify DNA. - DNA sequencer: A machine that is used to determine the sequence of nucleotides in DNA. - Microarray: A tool that is used to analyze gene expression. - Bioinformatics tools: Computer programs that are used to analyze biological data.