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Jun 5
Organic compounds can be classified into several categories based on their chemical structure and functional groups. Some common classifications include:
1. Alkanes: These are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n+2.
2. Alkenes: These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n.
3. Alkynes: These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n-2.
4. Aromatic compounds: These are cyclic compounds with alternating double bonds, such as benzene. They are known for their distinct aromatic odor.
5. Alcohols: These compounds contain a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to a carbon atom. They are commonly used as solvents and in the production of various chemicals.
6. Aldehydes: These compounds contain a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain. They are often used in the production of perfumes and flavorings.
7. Ketones: These compounds contain a carbonyl group (C=O) within the carbon chain. They are commonly used in the production of solvents and pharmaceuticals.
8. Carboxylic acids: These compounds contain a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to a carbon atom. They are important in biological processes and are used in the production of soaps and detergents.
9. Esters: These compounds are derived from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. They are commonly used in the production of fragrances and flavorings.
10. Amines: These compounds contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon atoms. They are important in biological processes and are used in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
1. Alkanes: These are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n+2.
2. Alkenes: These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n.
3. Alkynes: These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n-2.
4. Aromatic compounds: These are cyclic compounds with alternating double bonds, such as benzene. They are known for their distinct aromatic odor.
5. Alcohols: These compounds contain a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to a carbon atom. They are commonly used as solvents and in the production of various chemicals.
6. Aldehydes: These compounds contain a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain. They are often used in the production of perfumes and flavorings.
7. Ketones: These compounds contain a carbonyl group (C=O) within the carbon chain. They are commonly used in the production of solvents and pharmaceuticals.
8. Carboxylic acids: These compounds contain a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to a carbon atom. They are important in biological processes and are used in the production of soaps and detergents.
9. Esters: These compounds are derived from the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. They are commonly used in the production of fragrances and flavorings.
10. Amines: These compounds contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more carbon atoms. They are important in biological processes and are used in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals.
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Google Gemini AI
Jun 5
Hydrocarbons
- -Aliphatic-
- Saturated (alkanes)
- Unsaturated
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Cycloalkanes
- -Alicyclic-
- -Aromatic-
Functional Group Compounds
- -Alcohols-
- -Aldehydes-
- -Ketones-
- -Carboxylic Acids-
- -Esters-
- -Amides-
- -Amines-
- -Ethers-
- -Halogenoalkanes-
Heterocyclic Compounds
- Contain one or more heteroatoms (N, O, S) in the ring
Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
Lipids
- Fats and oils
- Phospholipids
- Steroids
Proteins
- Amino acids
- Peptides
- Polypeptides
Nucleic Acids
- DNA
- RNA
- -Aliphatic-
- Saturated (alkanes)
- Unsaturated
- Alkenes
- Alkynes
- Cycloalkanes
- -Alicyclic-
- -Aromatic-
Functional Group Compounds
- -Alcohols-
- -Aldehydes-
- -Ketones-
- -Carboxylic Acids-
- -Esters-
- -Amides-
- -Amines-
- -Ethers-
- -Halogenoalkanes-
Heterocyclic Compounds
- Contain one or more heteroatoms (N, O, S) in the ring
Carbohydrates
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
Lipids
- Fats and oils
- Phospholipids
- Steroids
Proteins
- Amino acids
- Peptides
- Polypeptides
Nucleic Acids
- DNA
- RNA
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