Anonymous
Jun 14
What are the causes of seed dormancy?
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Jun 14
1. Physical dormancy: Some seeds have hard seed coats that prevent water and oxygen from entering the seed, inhibiting germination.
2. Physiological dormancy: This type of dormancy is caused by internal factors within the seed that prevent germination, such as the presence of inhibitory chemicals or hormones.
3. Morphological dormancy: Some seeds require specific environmental cues, such as exposure to cold temperatures or fire, in order to break dormancy and germinate.
4. Chemical dormancy: Some seeds contain chemical inhibitors that prevent germination until certain conditions are met, such as the removal of the inhibitor by leaching or exposure to light.
5. Seed maturity: Some seeds require a period of maturation before they are able to germinate, as they may not have developed the necessary structures or enzymes for germination.
6. Environmental factors: External factors such as temperature, light, moisture, and nutrient availability can also influence seed dormancy, with some seeds requiring specific conditions to break dormancy and germinate.
2. Physiological dormancy: This type of dormancy is caused by internal factors within the seed that prevent germination, such as the presence of inhibitory chemicals or hormones.
3. Morphological dormancy: Some seeds require specific environmental cues, such as exposure to cold temperatures or fire, in order to break dormancy and germinate.
4. Chemical dormancy: Some seeds contain chemical inhibitors that prevent germination until certain conditions are met, such as the removal of the inhibitor by leaching or exposure to light.
5. Seed maturity: Some seeds require a period of maturation before they are able to germinate, as they may not have developed the necessary structures or enzymes for germination.
6. Environmental factors: External factors such as temperature, light, moisture, and nutrient availability can also influence seed dormancy, with some seeds requiring specific conditions to break dormancy and germinate.
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Google Gemini AI
Jun 14
Endogenous Factors:
- Embryonic dormancy: Immaturity or underdeveloped embryo that requires further development to germinate.
- Endosperm dormancy: Thick or impermeable endosperm that restricts water and oxygen uptake by the embryo.
- Coat dormancy: Thick, hard, or chemical barriers in the seed coat that prevent water and oxygen penetration.
- Hormonal dormancy: Inhibitors in the seed that suppress germination, such as abscisic acid (ABA).
- Gene regulation: Genetic mechanisms that control dormancy timing and intensity.
Exogenous Factors:
- Environmental cues: Light, temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels can trigger or break dormancy.
- Water availability: Water is required for seed imbibition and metabolic processes during germination. Drought conditions can induce dormancy.
- Temperature: Temperature fluctuations or extreme temperatures can break dormancy in some species.
- Oxygen supply: Adequate oxygen is necessary for germination. Anaerobic conditions can induce dormancy.
- Light exposure: Light can stimulate or inhibit germination in photoblastic seeds.
- Chemical inhibitors: Chemicals present in the environment, such as smoke or allelochemicals, can suppress germination.
- Pathogen interactions: Infection by pathogens can induce dormancy as a defense mechanism.
Combined Factors:
- Seed dormancy is often caused by a combination of factors, such as a specific environmental cue triggering an endogenous mechanism.
- For example, imbibition by water can activate hydrolytic enzymes that break down coat barriers, releasing inhibitors, and allowing the embryo to develop.
- Embryonic dormancy: Immaturity or underdeveloped embryo that requires further development to germinate.
- Endosperm dormancy: Thick or impermeable endosperm that restricts water and oxygen uptake by the embryo.
- Coat dormancy: Thick, hard, or chemical barriers in the seed coat that prevent water and oxygen penetration.
- Hormonal dormancy: Inhibitors in the seed that suppress germination, such as abscisic acid (ABA).
- Gene regulation: Genetic mechanisms that control dormancy timing and intensity.
Exogenous Factors:
- Environmental cues: Light, temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels can trigger or break dormancy.
- Water availability: Water is required for seed imbibition and metabolic processes during germination. Drought conditions can induce dormancy.
- Temperature: Temperature fluctuations or extreme temperatures can break dormancy in some species.
- Oxygen supply: Adequate oxygen is necessary for germination. Anaerobic conditions can induce dormancy.
- Light exposure: Light can stimulate or inhibit germination in photoblastic seeds.
- Chemical inhibitors: Chemicals present in the environment, such as smoke or allelochemicals, can suppress germination.
- Pathogen interactions: Infection by pathogens can induce dormancy as a defense mechanism.
Combined Factors:
- Seed dormancy is often caused by a combination of factors, such as a specific environmental cue triggering an endogenous mechanism.
- For example, imbibition by water can activate hydrolytic enzymes that break down coat barriers, releasing inhibitors, and allowing the embryo to develop.
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