Some of the oral conditions associated with diabetes mellitus include:
1. Periodontal disease: Diabetes can weaken the body's ability to fight off bacteria, leading to an increased risk of gum infections and periodontal disease. Symptoms may include swollen, red, or bleeding gums, bad breath, and loose teeth.
2. Dry mouth (xerostomia): Diabetes can cause a decrease in saliva production, leading to dry mouth. This can result in a higher risk of tooth decay, oral infections, and difficulty in chewing, swallowing, and speaking.
3. Thrush (oral candidiasis): People with diabetes are more prone to developing fungal infections, such as oral thrush. It is characterized by white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, and roof of the mouth, which can be painful and cause difficulty in eating and swallowing.
4. Burning mouth syndrome: Some individuals with diabetes may experience a burning or tingling sensation in the mouth, often accompanied by a metallic taste. This condition is known as burning mouth syndrome and can affect the tongue, lips, gums, and other oral tissues.
5. Delayed wound healing: Diabetes can impair the body's ability to heal wounds, including oral wounds. This can lead to prolonged healing time for oral surgeries, extractions, or other dental procedures.
6. Taste disturbances: Diabetes can affect the sense of taste, leading to altered or diminished taste perception. This can result in a decreased enjoyment of food and potentially affect nutrition.
It is important for individuals with diabetes to maintain good oral hygiene, visit the dentist regularly, and manage their blood sugar levels to minimize the risk and impact of these oral conditions.