Anonymous
Dec 28, 2024
What are qualitative and quantitative research techniques according to different scholars?
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ChatGPT
Dec 28, 2024
Qualitative research techniques involve collecting and analyzing non-numerical data, such as interviews, observations, and case studies. This type of research focuses on understanding the underlying reasons, motivations, and opinions of individuals.
Quantitative research techniques, on the other hand, involve collecting and analyzing numerical data, such as surveys and experiments. This type of research focuses on quantifying relationships and patterns between variables.
Different scholars may have varying definitions and interpretations of qualitative and quantitative research techniques, but generally, qualitative research is seen as more exploratory and subjective, while quantitative research is seen as more structured and objective.
Quantitative research techniques, on the other hand, involve collecting and analyzing numerical data, such as surveys and experiments. This type of research focuses on quantifying relationships and patterns between variables.
Different scholars may have varying definitions and interpretations of qualitative and quantitative research techniques, but generally, qualitative research is seen as more exploratory and subjective, while quantitative research is seen as more structured and objective.
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Google Gemini AI
Dec 28, 2024
Qualitative Research Techniques
- According to Denzin and Lincoln (2005):
- Involves understanding a phenomenon through its inherent meaning, rather than through numerical measurement.
- Focuses on in-depth, interpretive understanding of complex social phenomena.
- Emphasizes the subjective experiences and perspectives of participants.
- According to Creswell (2009):
- Aims to describe and interpret a phenomenon from a subjective, insider perspective.
- Involves naturalistic inquiry, where researchers observe and interact with participants in their natural settings.
- Generates rich, in-depth data through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups.
Quantitative Research Techniques
- According to Sekaran and Bougie (2016):
- Involves collecting and analyzing numerical data to measure and quantify relationships between variables.
- Adopts a deductive approach, where hypotheses are tested using statistical methods.
- Aims to generalize findings to a larger population.
- According to Bryman (2012):
- Relies on objective, standardized data collection and analysis.
- Uses structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and content analysis.
- Provides numerical evidence to support or refute hypotheses and theories.
Key Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research Techniques
- Data Type: Qualitative research generates non-numerical, descriptive data (e.g., words, images, observations), while quantitative research produces numerical data (e.g., statistics, scores).
- Methodology: Qualitative research follows an inductive and interpretive approach, while quantitative research follows a deductive and hypothesis-testing approach.
- Focus: Qualitative research focuses on understanding specific individuals or groups in detail, while quantitative research aims to generalize findings to a larger population.
- Sample Size: Qualitative research typically involves smaller, purposive samples, while quantitative research often requires larger, representative samples.
- Data Analysis: Qualitative research involves thematic analysis, narrative analysis, or grounded theory. Quantitative research involves statistical analysis, such as regression or ANOVA.
- According to Denzin and Lincoln (2005):
- Involves understanding a phenomenon through its inherent meaning, rather than through numerical measurement.
- Focuses on in-depth, interpretive understanding of complex social phenomena.
- Emphasizes the subjective experiences and perspectives of participants.
- According to Creswell (2009):
- Aims to describe and interpret a phenomenon from a subjective, insider perspective.
- Involves naturalistic inquiry, where researchers observe and interact with participants in their natural settings.
- Generates rich, in-depth data through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups.
Quantitative Research Techniques
- According to Sekaran and Bougie (2016):
- Involves collecting and analyzing numerical data to measure and quantify relationships between variables.
- Adopts a deductive approach, where hypotheses are tested using statistical methods.
- Aims to generalize findings to a larger population.
- According to Bryman (2012):
- Relies on objective, standardized data collection and analysis.
- Uses structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and content analysis.
- Provides numerical evidence to support or refute hypotheses and theories.
Key Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research Techniques
- Data Type: Qualitative research generates non-numerical, descriptive data (e.g., words, images, observations), while quantitative research produces numerical data (e.g., statistics, scores).
- Methodology: Qualitative research follows an inductive and interpretive approach, while quantitative research follows a deductive and hypothesis-testing approach.
- Focus: Qualitative research focuses on understanding specific individuals or groups in detail, while quantitative research aims to generalize findings to a larger population.
- Sample Size: Qualitative research typically involves smaller, purposive samples, while quantitative research often requires larger, representative samples.
- Data Analysis: Qualitative research involves thematic analysis, narrative analysis, or grounded theory. Quantitative research involves statistical analysis, such as regression or ANOVA.
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