Matheo Salum
Nov 27, 2023
What are psychological principles in teaching and learning stuation according to Bonwell C.C(1991)?
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Nov 27, 2023
According to Bonwell C.C (1991), there are several psychological principles that can be applied in teaching and learning situations. These principles are:
1. Active learning: Students learn best when they are actively engaged in the learning process. This can be achieved through activities such as discussions, group work, and hands-on experiments.
2. Prior knowledge: Students build new knowledge on their existing knowledge and experiences. Therefore, it is important for teachers to activate students' prior knowledge and connect new information to what they already know.
3. Meaningful learning: Students learn best when they can relate new information to their own lives and experiences. Teachers should strive to make the content relevant and meaningful to students' lives.
4. Motivation: Students are more likely to learn and retain information when they are motivated. Teachers can enhance motivation by providing clear goals, offering rewards and incentives, and creating a positive and supportive learning environment.
5. Feedback: Providing timely and constructive feedback is crucial for student learning. Feedback helps students understand their strengths and weaknesses and guides them towards improvement.
6. Transfer of learning: Students should be able to apply what they have learned in one context to new situations. Teachers can facilitate transfer of learning by providing opportunities for students to practice and apply their knowledge in different contexts.
7. Individual differences: Students have different learning styles, abilities, and preferences. Teachers should consider these individual differences and provide a variety of instructional strategies and resources to accommodate diverse learners.
8. Metacognition: Students should be aware of their own thinking processes and be able to regulate their own learning. Teachers can promote metacognition by encouraging students to reflect on their learning, set goals, and monitor their progress.
By applying these psychological principles, teachers can create effective and engaging learning environments that promote deep understanding and long-term retention of knowledge.
1. Active learning: Students learn best when they are actively engaged in the learning process. This can be achieved through activities such as discussions, group work, and hands-on experiments.
2. Prior knowledge: Students build new knowledge on their existing knowledge and experiences. Therefore, it is important for teachers to activate students' prior knowledge and connect new information to what they already know.
3. Meaningful learning: Students learn best when they can relate new information to their own lives and experiences. Teachers should strive to make the content relevant and meaningful to students' lives.
4. Motivation: Students are more likely to learn and retain information when they are motivated. Teachers can enhance motivation by providing clear goals, offering rewards and incentives, and creating a positive and supportive learning environment.
5. Feedback: Providing timely and constructive feedback is crucial for student learning. Feedback helps students understand their strengths and weaknesses and guides them towards improvement.
6. Transfer of learning: Students should be able to apply what they have learned in one context to new situations. Teachers can facilitate transfer of learning by providing opportunities for students to practice and apply their knowledge in different contexts.
7. Individual differences: Students have different learning styles, abilities, and preferences. Teachers should consider these individual differences and provide a variety of instructional strategies and resources to accommodate diverse learners.
8. Metacognition: Students should be aware of their own thinking processes and be able to regulate their own learning. Teachers can promote metacognition by encouraging students to reflect on their learning, set goals, and monitor their progress.
By applying these psychological principles, teachers can create effective and engaging learning environments that promote deep understanding and long-term retention of knowledge.
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