What are effects of top down approach management in protect area?

1. Lack of community involvement: A top-down approach to management can lead to a lack of involvement and participation from local communities who are directly affected by the protected area. This can result in resentment, lack of support, and even resistance to conservation efforts.

2. Limited local knowledge and expertise: By not involving local communities in decision-making processes, valuable local knowledge and expertise may be overlooked. This can result in management decisions that are not well-informed or effective in addressing local conservation challenges.

3. Inequitable distribution of benefits: A top-down approach to management may result in the unequal distribution of benefits from the protected area. Local communities may feel marginalized and excluded from the economic benefits and opportunities that the protected area can provide.

4. Lack of buy-in and support: Without the buy-in and support of local communities, conservation efforts in the protected area may be met with resistance and opposition. This can hinder the success of conservation initiatives and lead to conflicts between conservationists and local communities.

5. Limited sustainability: A top-down approach to management may not be sustainable in the long term, as it relies on external actors and resources to drive conservation efforts. Without the active involvement and support of local communities, conservation initiatives may struggle to be maintained and sustained over time.