Intonation and Pitch:
- Raise pitch: Express excitement, surprise, or emphasis.
- Lower pitch: Convey authority, seriousness, or calm.
- Vary pitch: Create interest and engage listeners.
- Use intonation patterns: Use patterns to indicate questions, statements, and emotions.
Volume:
- Increase volume: Emphasize important points, express enthusiasm, or engage listeners from afar.
- Decrease volume: Convey confidentiality, intimacy, or privacy.
- Vary volume: Create dynamics and maintain interest.
Rate of Speech:
- Accelerate rate: Convey excitement, urgency, or impatience.
- Slow down rate: Emphasize important points, provide clarity, or convey seriousness.
- Vary speech rate: Create interest, engage listeners, and highlight key messages.
Pauses:
- Short pauses: Indicate a break in thought, allow listeners time to absorb information, or create anticipation.
- Long pauses: Convey emphasis, uncertainty, or hesitation.
- Strategic pauses: Act as a cue to listeners, guide their understanding, and create dramatic effect.
Non-Verbal Vocal Cues:
- Whispering: Convey intimacy, secrecy, or confidentiality.
- Laughing: Express joy, amusement, or relieve tension.
- Sighing: Indicate frustration, disappointment, or sadness.
- Grunting: Express approval, agreement, or disagreement.
- Vocal fillers: Use "um," "ah," or "like" to indicate pausing or searching for words.
Other Vocal Actions:
- Clear throat: To gain attention, pause for emphasis, or indicate distraction.
- Humming: Can indicate agreement, satisfaction, or fill silence.
- Singing: Can be used to express emotions, tell stories, or create a connection.
- Projection: Speak clearly and confidently to ensure listeners can hear and understand your message.