1. Live attenuated vaccines: These vaccines contain a weakened form of the virus or bacteria that causes the disease. Examples include measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine.
2. Inactivated vaccines: These vaccines contain killed versions of the virus or bacteria that causes the disease. Examples include the polio vaccine and the hepatitis A vaccine.
3. Subunit, recombinant, and conjugate vaccines: These vaccines use specific parts of the virus or bacteria to stimulate an immune response. Examples include the hepatitis B vaccine and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.
4. Toxoid vaccines: These vaccines use a toxin produced by the virus or bacteria to stimulate an immune response. Examples include the tetanus vaccine and the diphtheria vaccine.
5. mRNA vaccines: These vaccines use a small piece of genetic material called messenger RNA to instruct cells in the body to produce a protein that triggers an immune response. Examples include the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines.