1. Functional Structure
- Groups employees by function (e.g., marketing, finance, sales).
- Advantages: Specialization, efficiency within departments.
- Disadvantages: Limited communication between departments.
2. Divisional Structure
- Organizes units by product, service, or geographical location.
- Advantages: Focus on specific markets, faster decision-making.
- Disadvantages: Duplication of functions, competition between divisions.
3. Matrix Structure
- Combines functional and divisional structures.
- Employees report to both a functional manager and a project manager.
- Advantages: Flexibility, cross-functional collaboration.
- Disadvantages: Complexity, potential for conflict.
4. Team-Based Structure
- Replaces traditional hierarchical structure with self-managed teams.
- Advantages: Empowerment, increased productivity.
- Disadvantages: Lack of clear leadership, potential for groupthink.
5. Network Structure
- Decentralized, relying on partnerships with other organizations.
- Advantages: Flexibility, access to external resources.
- Disadvantages: Lack of control, potential for conflict.
6. Virtual Structure
- Employees work remotely or on a flexible schedule.
- Advantages: Reduced costs, increased diversity.
- Disadvantages: Lack of face-to-face interaction, challenges in communication.
7. Multinational Structure
- Operates in multiple countries or regions.
- Advantages: Access to global markets, economies of scale.
- Disadvantages: Cultural differences, complex logistics.
8. Adhocracy Structure
- Created for specific projects or tasks and disbanded upon completion.
- Advantages: Flexibility, innovation.
- Disadvantages: Instability, lack of clear structure.
9. Organic Structure
- Decentralized, with fluid structure and responsibilities.
- Advantages: Fast adaptation to change, high employee morale.
- Disadvantages: Lack of formal structure, potential for confusion.
10. Mechanistic Structure
- Highly structured and centralized.
- Advantages: Efficiency, control.
- Disadvantages: Bureaucracy, limited innovation.