Types of fallacy?

There are numerous types of fallacies, but here are some common ones:

1. Ad Hominem: Attacking the person making the argument rather than addressing the argument itself.
Example: "You can't trust John's opinion on climate change because he failed science class in high school."

2. Straw Man: Misrepresenting or exaggerating someone's argument to make it easier to attack.
Example: "Opponents of gun control want everyone to have unlimited access to firearms, even criminals and terrorists."

3. False Cause: Assuming that because one event follows another, the first event caused the second event.
Example: "Every time I wear my lucky socks, my team wins. Therefore, my lucky socks are the reason we win."

4. Slippery Slope: Suggesting that a small action will lead to a chain of events resulting in a significant and negative outcome.
Example: "If we allow same-sex marriage, next thing you know, people will be marrying animals."

5. Appeal to Authority: Using the opinion or testimony of an authority figure as evidence, even if they are not an expert in the relevant field.
Example: "Dr. Smith, a renowned physicist, says that climate change is a hoax, so it must be true."

6. Hasty Generalization: Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence.
Example: "I met one rude person from that country, so everyone from that country must be rude."

7. False Dichotomy: Presenting only two options when there are actually more possibilities.
Example: "You're either with us or against us."

8. Appeal to Emotion: Manipulating emotions to distract from the facts or logic of an argument.
Example: "If you don't support this policy, you're heartless and don't care about the less fortunate."

These are just a few examples, and there are many more fallacies that can occur in different forms of reasoning and argumentation.

Formal fallicy