- Ball bearings: Single- or double-row bearings with balls as rolling elements. Provide low friction and high-speed capability. - Roller bearings: Bearings with cylindrical, tapered, or spherical rollers. Offer higher load capacities and can handle axial or radial loads. - Tapered roller bearings: Bearings with conical rollers that handle both thrust and radial loads. - Needle bearings: Bearings with thin, cylindrical rollers for applications where space is limited.
Sliding Bearings:
- Plain bearings: Bearings with a sliding surface between the shaft and housing. Offer low friction and wear when lubricated properly. - Hydrodynamic bearings: Bearings that generate a thin film of lubricant between the shaft and housing, providing zero friction. - Hydrostatic bearings: Bearings that use an externally supplied pressurized lubricant to create a thin film and reduce friction.
Special Purpose Bearings:
- Magnetic bearings: Bearings that use magnetic fields to suspend the shaft, eliminating mechanical contact and friction. - Air bearings: Bearings that use compressed air to create a lifting force, resulting in low friction and wear. - Jewel bearings: Bearings with sapphire or ruby jewels as the sliding surfaces. Used in high-precision devices such as watches and compasses.
Hybrid Bearings:
- Ceramic ball bearings: Bearings with ceramic balls for higher temperature resistance and longer life. - Hybrid roller bearings: Bearings with steel rollers and a ceramic inner or outer race for increased load capacity and reduced friction.
Other Classifications:
- Contact angle: The angle between the radial line and the line of contact between the rolling elements and the raceway. - Load rating: The maximum load that a bearing can withstand without exceeding a specified amount of deformation. - Preload: The initial force applied to a bearing to reduce play and improve stability. - Cages: Devices that separate and guide the rolling elements within a bearing.