1. Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT): A BJT is a type of transistor that uses both electron and hole charge carriers. It consists of three layers of semiconductor material - the emitter, base, and collector. BJTs are commonly used in amplification and switching applications.
2. Field-Effect Transistor (FET): A FET is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the conductivity of the semiconductor material. There are two main types of FETs - the Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor FET (MOSFET) and the Junction FET (JFET). FETs are commonly used in high-frequency applications and in integrated circuits.
3. Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT): An IGBT is a type of transistor that combines the high-speed switching capability of a MOSFET with the high-power handling capability of a BJT. It consists of a MOSFET input and a BJT output. IGBTs are commonly used in power electronics applications such as motor drives and power supplies.