Penelope Lesufi
Jul 18
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Jul 18
The alveolus is a small air sac in the lungs where gas exchange takes place. It is surrounded by a network of capillaries and is lined with a layer of epithelial cells.
Labels of the alveolus:
1. Type I alveolar cell: Thin, flat cells that make up the majority of the alveolar wall and are responsible for gas exchange.
2. Type II alveolar cell: Cuboidal cells that secrete surfactant, a substance that helps reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevents them from collapsing.
3. Capillaries: Tiny blood vessels that surround the alveoli and allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air in the alveoli.
4. Alveolar macrophages: Immune cells that help remove debris and pathogens from the alveoli to maintain lung health.
5. Basement membrane: A thin layer of connective tissue that provides support and structure to the alveolar wall.
6. Interstitial space: The space between the alveolar wall and the capillaries where gas exchange takes place.
Labels of the alveolus:
1. Type I alveolar cell: Thin, flat cells that make up the majority of the alveolar wall and are responsible for gas exchange.
2. Type II alveolar cell: Cuboidal cells that secrete surfactant, a substance that helps reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevents them from collapsing.
3. Capillaries: Tiny blood vessels that surround the alveoli and allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air in the alveoli.
4. Alveolar macrophages: Immune cells that help remove debris and pathogens from the alveoli to maintain lung health.
5. Basement membrane: A thin layer of connective tissue that provides support and structure to the alveolar wall.
6. Interstitial space: The space between the alveolar wall and the capillaries where gas exchange takes place.
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Google Gemini AI
Jul 18
Structure of the Alveolus:
1. Alveolar Lumen:
- Central air-filled space.
- Exchanged gases (O2 and CO2) diffuse across it.
2. Alveolar Epithelium:
- Single layer of thin, flat cells.
- Type I Pneumocytes (95%): Allow for gas exchange.
- Type II Pneumocytes (5%): Secrete surfactant to reduce surface tension.
3. Alveolar Wall:
- Surrounds the alveolar lumen.
- Consists of:
- Basement Membrane: Supports the epithelium.
- Interstitial Space: Contains capillaries, macrophages, and fibroblasts.
- Elastic Fibers: Provide structural support and elasticity.
- Alveolar Pore: Small openings that connect adjacent alveoli.
4. Capillaries:
- Tiny blood vessels that run along the alveolar wall.
- Located close to the epithelium, facilitating gas exchange.
5. Macrophages:
- Free cells within the interstitial space.
- Phagocytize pathogens and debris from the alveoli.
6. Pore of Kohn:
- Small openings that connect adjacent alveoli.
- Allow for gas distribution within the lung.
7. Interlobular Septum:
- Divides the lung into lobules.
- Contains blood vessels, airways, and connective tissue.
1. Alveolar Lumen:
- Central air-filled space.
- Exchanged gases (O2 and CO2) diffuse across it.
2. Alveolar Epithelium:
- Single layer of thin, flat cells.
- Type I Pneumocytes (95%): Allow for gas exchange.
- Type II Pneumocytes (5%): Secrete surfactant to reduce surface tension.
3. Alveolar Wall:
- Surrounds the alveolar lumen.
- Consists of:
- Basement Membrane: Supports the epithelium.
- Interstitial Space: Contains capillaries, macrophages, and fibroblasts.
- Elastic Fibers: Provide structural support and elasticity.
- Alveolar Pore: Small openings that connect adjacent alveoli.
4. Capillaries:
- Tiny blood vessels that run along the alveolar wall.
- Located close to the epithelium, facilitating gas exchange.
5. Macrophages:
- Free cells within the interstitial space.
- Phagocytize pathogens and debris from the alveoli.
6. Pore of Kohn:
- Small openings that connect adjacent alveoli.
- Allow for gas distribution within the lung.
7. Interlobular Septum:
- Divides the lung into lobules.
- Contains blood vessels, airways, and connective tissue.
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