The National Party (N.P) was a political party in South Africa that played a significant role during the apartheid era. The party was founded in 1914 and was initially a pro-Afrikaner, conservative party. However, it was under the leadership of Hendrik Verwoerd in the 1950s that the N.P implemented the apartheid policy, which enforced racial segregation and discrimination against non-white South Africans.
During the apartheid era, the N.P implemented a series of laws and policies that enforced racial segregation and discrimination. These included the Group Areas Act, which designated specific areas for different racial groups to live in, and the Pass Laws, which restricted the movement of non-white South Africans.
The N.P also implemented the Bantu Education Act, which provided separate and inferior education for black South Africans, and the Immorality Act, which criminalized interracial relationships.
The N.P's policies were met with widespread international condemnation and resistance from within South Africa. Organizations such as the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) led protests and campaigns against apartheid, leading to increased repression and violence from the N.P government.
The apartheid era came to an end in the early 1990s, with the N.P government under President F.W. de Klerk beginning negotiations to end apartheid and transition to a democratic government. In 1994, South Africa held its first democratic elections, which saw the ANC come to power and Nelson Mandela become the country's first black president.
The N.P disbanded in 1997, marking the end of its role in South African politics and the apartheid era.