Stating the positive finding in each,name 5 investigations carried out on patient with hydrocephalus?

1. MRI scan showed enlargement of the ventricles in the brain, confirming the diagnosis of hydrocephalus.
2. CT scan revealed increased intracranial pressure due to the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
3. Lumbar puncture demonstrated elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid, indicating a disruption in the flow and absorption of the fluid.
4. Ultrasound imaging of the brain showed signs of hydrocephalus, such as ventriculomegaly and increased fluid accumulation.
5. Neurological examination revealed symptoms of hydrocephalus, such as headaches, nausea, and gait disturbances.

1. Head Circumference Measurement

- Positive finding: Increased head circumference indicative of enlarged ventricles.

2. Neurological Examination

- Positive finding: May reveal delayed developmental milestones, spasticity, or other neurological deficits.

3. Imaging Studies (CT or MRI)

- Positive finding: Dilated ventricles with increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume.

4. Ophthalmological Examination

- Positive finding: Optic nerve swelling or papilledema, indicating increased intracranial pressure.

5. Neurocognitive Assessment

- Positive finding: Cognitive impairment, learning difficulties, or memory problems, particularly in cases of long-standing hydrocephalus.