1. Heating effect: When an electric current passes through a conductor, it generates heat due to the resistance of the material. This heating effect is utilized in devices such as electric heaters and stoves.
2. Magnetic effect: An electric current flowing through a conductor creates a magnetic field around it. This property is used in electromagnets, electric motors, and generators.
3. Chemical effect: Electric current can cause chemical changes in substances it passes through. This is utilized in processes such as electroplating, electrolysis, and battery charging.