Short notes on - collocation - preposition - figure of speech - reported speech?

Collocation:
- Collocation refers to the natural combination of words that are commonly used together in a language.
- It involves the pairing of words that have a strong tendency to occur together due to their meaning or usage.
- Examples of collocations include "make a decision," "take a shower," and "strong coffee."

Preposition:
- A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.
- It indicates location, direction, time, manner, or other relationships.
- Common prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "by," and "with."
- Prepositions are essential for understanding the spatial and temporal relationships between different elements in a sentence.

Figure of speech:
- A figure of speech is a word or phrase used in a non-literal sense to create a specific effect or meaning.
- It adds depth, creativity, and emphasis to language.
- Examples of figures of speech include metaphors, similes, personification, hyperbole, and idioms.
- Figures of speech are often used in literature, poetry, and everyday language to make communication more vivid and expressive.

Reported speech:
- Reported speech, also known as indirect speech, is used to convey what someone else said without using their exact words.
- It involves reporting or paraphrasing someone's speech or thoughts.
- Reported speech usually requires changes in verb tense, pronouns, and adverbs to reflect the shift from direct to indirect speech.
- For example, changing "I said, 'I am going to the store'" to "I said that I was going to the store."