Revised SADC protocol on shared water courses (2000) what are the key provisions on this agreement?

The key provisions of the Revised SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (2000) include:

1. Recognition of the principle of equitable and reasonable utilization of shared water resources, taking into account the needs of all riparian states and the importance of sustainable development.

2. Establishment of a legal framework for the management and development of shared watercourses, including the establishment of joint mechanisms for cooperation and dispute resolution.

3. Promotion of integrated water resources management, including the development of joint plans and projects for the sustainable use of shared water resources.

4. Commitment to the prevention and mitigation of water-related disasters, such as floods and droughts, through joint planning and coordination.

5. Provision for the exchange of data and information on shared water resources, to facilitate cooperation and decision-making among riparian states.

6. Recognition of the importance of environmental protection and conservation in the management of shared watercourses, including the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity.

7. Commitment to the peaceful resolution of disputes related to shared water resources, through negotiation, mediation, or other peaceful means.

Overall, the Revised SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (2000) aims to promote cooperation and sustainable management of shared water resources among riparian states in the Southern African region.

Key Provisions of the Revised SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (2000)

1. Equitable and Reasonable Utilization:

- Establishes a principle of equitable and reasonable utilization of shared water resources, taking into account the social, economic, and environmental needs of all Basin States.

2. Cooperative and Coordinated Management:

- Promotes cooperation among Basin States in managing and developing shared watercourses.
- Mandates the establishment of River Basin Commissions (RBCs) to oversee water management and coordination.

3. Environmental Protection:

- Requires Basin States to maintain the ecological integrity of shared watercourses.
- Prohibits activities that significantly alter water quality or quantity.

4. Prevention and Resolution of Disputes:

- Establishes mechanisms for preventing and resolving disputes over shared watercourses.
- Includes procedures for mediation, negotiation, and arbitration.

5. Information Sharing and Data Collection:

- Requires Basin States to share relevant information and data on water resources.
- Mandates the establishment of databases and monitoring systems.

6. Capacity Building and Financing:

- Promotes capacity building efforts to support sustainable water management.
- Provides for the mobilization of financial resources for water-related projects.

7. Customary and Traditional Rights:

- Recognizes and respects existing customary and traditional rights of local communities to water resources.

8. Public Participation:

- Ensures public participation in water management decisions.
- Requires Basin States to provide opportunities for stakeholder input.

9. Monitoring and Evaluation:

- Establishes mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the Protocol.
- Requires Basin States to report regularly on progress and challenges.

10. Dispute Settlement:

- Provides for arbitration as a means of resolving disputes that cannot be resolved through negotiation or mediation.