Prevention
- Avoid allergens: Identify and avoid triggers that cause asthma symptoms, such as pollen, dust, pet dander, smoke, and certain chemicals.
- Control indoor air quality: Use air purifiers, vacuum regularly, and reduce humidity indoors to eliminate allergens.
- Consider allergen immunotherapy: This involves exposing individuals to gradually increasing doses of allergens to reduce their sensitivity over time.
- Get regular exercise: Regular physical activity can strengthen the lungs and improve respiratory function.
- Manage stress: Stress can worsen asthma symptoms, so finding ways to manage stress, such as yoga, meditation, or exercise, can be beneficial.
- Quit smoking: Smoking is a major trigger for asthma and should be avoided.
- Vaccinations: Keep up-to-date on vaccinations for common respiratory illnesses, such as influenza and pneumonia, which can worsen asthma symptoms.
Control
- Use inhalers as prescribed: Use quick-relief inhalers (e.g., salbutamol) for immediate symptom relief and long-acting control inhalers (e.g., salmeterol) to prevent symptoms and improve lung function.
- Create an asthma action plan: Work with your doctor to develop a personalized plan that outlines steps to take when symptoms flare up, including medication adjustments, activity restrictions, and when to seek medical help.
- Monitor symptoms: Keep track of symptoms, such as wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing, and adjust medication or seek medical attention as needed.
- Avoid exercise-induced asthma: Warm up properly before exercising and use an inhaler before exercise if necessary.
- Manage respiratory infections: Treat colds and other respiratory infections promptly to prevent them from triggering asthma symptoms.
- Seek medical attention when necessary: If symptoms are severe or persistent, or if the asthma action plan is not effective, seek medical attention immediately.