Name two mechanisms under which MCB operates.

1. Monetary policy: MCB operates by implementing monetary policy measures set by the central bank to regulate the money supply, interest rates, and inflation in the economy.

2. Lending and credit facilities: MCB provides various lending and credit facilities to individuals, businesses, and government entities to support economic growth and development. This includes loans, overdrafts, trade finance, and other financial products and services.

1. Short Circuit Protection: When a short circuit occurs, the MCB's electromagnetic trip mechanism instantly disconnects the circuit by opening its contacts. This prevents excessive current flow that could cause damage to equipment or fire hazards.

2. Overload Protection: The MCB's thermal trip mechanism gradually responds to increasing current overloads. As the current exceeds the rated value for the MCB, the bimetallic strip inside the thermal trip mechanism heats up, causing it to bend and disconnect the circuit. This protects the circuit from overheating and potential damage caused by sustained overcurrent conditions.