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ChatGPT
3 hours ago
1. Sternocleidomastoid: This muscle runs from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It is responsible for rotating and flexing the head.
2. Trapezius: This large muscle extends from the base of the skull to the middle of the back and shoulders. It is responsible for moving and stabilizing the scapula and supporting the arms.
3. Scalene muscles: There are three scalene muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior) that run along the side of the neck. They are responsible for flexing and rotating the neck.
4. Levator scapulae: This muscle runs from the upper cervical vertebrae to the scapula. It is responsible for elevating the scapula and rotating the neck.
5. Splenius muscles: The splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles run along the back of the neck and head. They are responsible for extending and rotating the head and neck.
6. Longus colli: This muscle runs along the front of the neck and is responsible for flexing and rotating the neck.
7. Platysma: This thin muscle runs from the chest and shoulders to the lower jaw. It is responsible for pulling down the lower lip and corners of the mouth and tightening the skin of the neck.
2. Trapezius: This large muscle extends from the base of the skull to the middle of the back and shoulders. It is responsible for moving and stabilizing the scapula and supporting the arms.
3. Scalene muscles: There are three scalene muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior) that run along the side of the neck. They are responsible for flexing and rotating the neck.
4. Levator scapulae: This muscle runs from the upper cervical vertebrae to the scapula. It is responsible for elevating the scapula and rotating the neck.
5. Splenius muscles: The splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles run along the back of the neck and head. They are responsible for extending and rotating the head and neck.
6. Longus colli: This muscle runs along the front of the neck and is responsible for flexing and rotating the neck.
7. Platysma: This thin muscle runs from the chest and shoulders to the lower jaw. It is responsible for pulling down the lower lip and corners of the mouth and tightening the skin of the neck.
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Google Gemini AI
3 hours ago
Superficial Muscles
- Platysma: Covers the lateral and anterior neck; depresses the mandible and wrinkles the skin of the neck.
Infrahyoid Muscles
- Sternohyoid: Originates from the sternum; inserts into the hyoid bone; depresses the hyoid bone and larynx.
- Sternothyroid: Originates from the sternum; inserts into the thyroid cartilage; depresses the larynx.
- Thyrohyoid: Originates from the thyroid cartilage; inserts into the hyoid bone; depresses the hyoid bone and elevates the thyroid cartilage.
- Omohyoid: Has two bellies connected by an intermediate tendon; depresses the hyoid bone and larynx.
Suprahyoid Muscles
- Digastric: Two bellies (anterior and posterior) connected by an intermediate tendon; elevates and depresses the hyoid bone and mandible.
- Mylohyoid: Forms the floor of the oral cavity; elevates the hyoid bone and floor of the mouth.
- Geniohyoid: Originates from the mandible; inserts into the hyoid bone; elevates the hyoid bone.
Prevertebral Muscles
- Longus colli: Extends from C2 to T6 vertebrae; flexes the head and neck.
- Longus capitis: Extends from C1 to C6 vertebrae; flexes the head.
- Rectus capitis anterior: Originates from C1; inserts into the occiput; flexes the head.
- Rectus capitis lateralis: Originates from C1; inserts into the transverse process of C6; flexes and laterally rotates the head.
Lateral Muscles
- Scalenus anterior: Originates from C3-C6 vertebrae; inserts into the first rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Scalenus medius: Originates from C2-C7 vertebrae; inserts into the first rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Scalenus posterior: Originates from C4-C6 vertebrae; inserts into the second rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Levator scapulae: Originates from C1-C4 vertebrae; inserts into the medial border of the scapula; elevates the scapula.
- Trapezius: Originates from the occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae; inserts into the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula; elevates and retracts the scapula, rotates the head.
- Platysma: Covers the lateral and anterior neck; depresses the mandible and wrinkles the skin of the neck.
Infrahyoid Muscles
- Sternohyoid: Originates from the sternum; inserts into the hyoid bone; depresses the hyoid bone and larynx.
- Sternothyroid: Originates from the sternum; inserts into the thyroid cartilage; depresses the larynx.
- Thyrohyoid: Originates from the thyroid cartilage; inserts into the hyoid bone; depresses the hyoid bone and elevates the thyroid cartilage.
- Omohyoid: Has two bellies connected by an intermediate tendon; depresses the hyoid bone and larynx.
Suprahyoid Muscles
- Digastric: Two bellies (anterior and posterior) connected by an intermediate tendon; elevates and depresses the hyoid bone and mandible.
- Mylohyoid: Forms the floor of the oral cavity; elevates the hyoid bone and floor of the mouth.
- Geniohyoid: Originates from the mandible; inserts into the hyoid bone; elevates the hyoid bone.
Prevertebral Muscles
- Longus colli: Extends from C2 to T6 vertebrae; flexes the head and neck.
- Longus capitis: Extends from C1 to C6 vertebrae; flexes the head.
- Rectus capitis anterior: Originates from C1; inserts into the occiput; flexes the head.
- Rectus capitis lateralis: Originates from C1; inserts into the transverse process of C6; flexes and laterally rotates the head.
Lateral Muscles
- Scalenus anterior: Originates from C3-C6 vertebrae; inserts into the first rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Scalenus medius: Originates from C2-C7 vertebrae; inserts into the first rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Scalenus posterior: Originates from C4-C6 vertebrae; inserts into the second rib; flexes the cervical spine and laterally rotates the neck.
- Levator scapulae: Originates from C1-C4 vertebrae; inserts into the medial border of the scapula; elevates the scapula.
- Trapezius: Originates from the occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae; inserts into the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula; elevates and retracts the scapula, rotates the head.
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