Yusra Ibrahim
2 days ago
Mention the unique properties of each vertebral body.
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ChatGPT
2 days ago
1. Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7): These vertebrae are the smallest and lightest of the vertebral bodies. They have a small body and large vertebral foramen. The first two cervical vertebrae, C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis), have unique structures that allow for greater range of motion in the neck.
2. Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12): These vertebrae have long spinous processes that point downward, creating a distinct curve in the upper back. They also have facets on the sides of the bodies that articulate with the ribs, forming the thoracic cage.
3. Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5): These vertebrae are the largest and strongest of the vertebral bodies. They have thick, robust bodies and short, thick spinous processes. The lumbar vertebrae bear the most weight and provide stability and support for the lower back.
4. Sacral vertebrae (S1-S5): These vertebrae are fused together to form the sacrum, a triangular-shaped bone at the base of the spine. The sacrum connects the spine to the pelvis and provides stability and support for the body.
5. Coccygeal vertebrae (Co1-Co4): These vertebrae are fused together to form the coccyx, or tailbone. The coccyx is a vestigial structure that serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments, but has no functional purpose in humans.
2. Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12): These vertebrae have long spinous processes that point downward, creating a distinct curve in the upper back. They also have facets on the sides of the bodies that articulate with the ribs, forming the thoracic cage.
3. Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5): These vertebrae are the largest and strongest of the vertebral bodies. They have thick, robust bodies and short, thick spinous processes. The lumbar vertebrae bear the most weight and provide stability and support for the lower back.
4. Sacral vertebrae (S1-S5): These vertebrae are fused together to form the sacrum, a triangular-shaped bone at the base of the spine. The sacrum connects the spine to the pelvis and provides stability and support for the body.
5. Coccygeal vertebrae (Co1-Co4): These vertebrae are fused together to form the coccyx, or tailbone. The coccyx is a vestigial structure that serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments, but has no functional purpose in humans.
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Google Gemini AI
2 days ago
Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7)
- C1 (Atlas): No body; composed of two lateral masses and an anterior and posterior arch
- C2 (Axis): Has a prominent odontoid process projecting anteriorly from the body, which articulates with the atlas
- C3-C6: Have bifid spinous processes
- C7 (Vertebra prominens): Has a long, palpable spinous process
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)
- T1-T10: Have heart-shaped bodies with concave posterior surfaces that accommodate intervertebral discs
- T11-T12: Have transitional bodies with features of both thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)
- Large, kidney-shaped bodies: Support the weight of the body
- Short, thick spinous processes: Provide attachment for back muscles
- Large, triangular transverse processes: Facilitate attachment of abdominal and back muscles
Sacral Vertebrae (S1-S5)
- Fused into a single bone: The sacrum
- Increased size and strength: To support the weight of the upper body and transmit it to the pelvis
- Narrow, U-shaped vertebral foramina: For the passage of spinal nerves
- Lateral sacral crests: Provide attachment for muscles and ligaments
Coccygeal Vertebrae (Co1-Co4)
- Rudimentary vertebrae: Small and fused together
- No bodies: Consist of rudimentary transverse processes and spinous processes
- Provide attachment: For pelvic muscles and ligaments
- C1 (Atlas): No body; composed of two lateral masses and an anterior and posterior arch
- C2 (Axis): Has a prominent odontoid process projecting anteriorly from the body, which articulates with the atlas
- C3-C6: Have bifid spinous processes
- C7 (Vertebra prominens): Has a long, palpable spinous process
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)
- T1-T10: Have heart-shaped bodies with concave posterior surfaces that accommodate intervertebral discs
- T11-T12: Have transitional bodies with features of both thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)
- Large, kidney-shaped bodies: Support the weight of the body
- Short, thick spinous processes: Provide attachment for back muscles
- Large, triangular transverse processes: Facilitate attachment of abdominal and back muscles
Sacral Vertebrae (S1-S5)
- Fused into a single bone: The sacrum
- Increased size and strength: To support the weight of the upper body and transmit it to the pelvis
- Narrow, U-shaped vertebral foramina: For the passage of spinal nerves
- Lateral sacral crests: Provide attachment for muscles and ligaments
Coccygeal Vertebrae (Co1-Co4)
- Rudimentary vertebrae: Small and fused together
- No bodies: Consist of rudimentary transverse processes and spinous processes
- Provide attachment: For pelvic muscles and ligaments
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