- Magnesium (Mg): We start with 1 Mg atom on the left side and must balance it with 2 Mg atoms on the right side. - Water (H2O): We start with 1 H2O molecule on the left side and must balance it with 2 H2O molecules on the right side. - Phenolphthalein (C20H14O4): Phenolphthalein is not consumed or produced in the reaction, so it remains unchanged on both sides. - Magnesium oxide (MgO): We start with no MgO molecules on the left side and must balance it with 2 MgO molecules on the right side. - Hydrogen (H2): We start with no H2 molecules on the left side and must balance it with 2 H2 molecules on the right side.