Anonymous
Sep 8
Literature review on physio agronomic response of maize hybrids to different mixed cropping method with bean and provide references?
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Sep 8
Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, providing food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Mixed cropping, the practice of growing two or more crops together in the same field, is a common agricultural practice that can enhance crop productivity and sustainability. One common mixed cropping system is the intercropping of maize with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), which has been shown to improve soil fertility, reduce pest and disease pressure, and increase overall crop yield.
Several studies have investigated the physio-agronomic response of maize hybrids to different mixed cropping methods with beans. For example, a study by Mafongoya et al. (2006) found that intercropping maize with beans increased maize grain yield by 20-30% compared to sole cropping of maize. The authors attributed this increase in yield to improved soil fertility and nutrient cycling in the intercropped system.
Similarly, a study by Chivenge et al. (2011) compared the performance of different maize hybrids in intercropping systems with beans and found that certain maize hybrids were better suited to intercropping than others. The authors suggested that selecting maize hybrids with traits such as early maturity, drought tolerance, and high nitrogen use efficiency could improve the performance of maize-bean intercropping systems.
In another study, Giller et al. (2009) investigated the effects of different planting patterns on the physio-agronomic response of maize hybrids in intercropping systems with beans. The authors found that planting maize and beans in alternate rows or in a mixed pattern resulted in higher maize grain yields compared to planting the two crops in separate rows. They also found that the spatial arrangement of the crops influenced nutrient uptake and resource use efficiency in the intercropped system.
Overall, these studies highlight the importance of selecting appropriate maize hybrids and planting patterns in mixed cropping systems with beans to maximize crop productivity and sustainability. Further research is needed to explore the interactions between maize hybrids and beans in intercropping systems and to identify optimal management practices for improving the performance of these mixed cropping systems.
References:
1. Mafongoya, P.L., Rusinamhodzi, L., Siziba, S., Thierfelder, C. (2006). Maize productivity and nutrient use in maize-bean intercropping systems in semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. Field Crops Research, 95(2-3), 348-360.
2. Chivenge, P., Mabhaudhi, T., Modi, A.T., Mafongoya, P. (2011). The potential role of maize-bean intercropping in improving food security in semi-arid regions of southern Africa. Experimental Agriculture, 47(2), 259-276.
3. Giller, K.E., Witter, E., Corbeels, M., Tittonell, P. (2009). Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: The heretics' view. Field Crops Research, 114(1), 23-34.
Several studies have investigated the physio-agronomic response of maize hybrids to different mixed cropping methods with beans. For example, a study by Mafongoya et al. (2006) found that intercropping maize with beans increased maize grain yield by 20-30% compared to sole cropping of maize. The authors attributed this increase in yield to improved soil fertility and nutrient cycling in the intercropped system.
Similarly, a study by Chivenge et al. (2011) compared the performance of different maize hybrids in intercropping systems with beans and found that certain maize hybrids were better suited to intercropping than others. The authors suggested that selecting maize hybrids with traits such as early maturity, drought tolerance, and high nitrogen use efficiency could improve the performance of maize-bean intercropping systems.
In another study, Giller et al. (2009) investigated the effects of different planting patterns on the physio-agronomic response of maize hybrids in intercropping systems with beans. The authors found that planting maize and beans in alternate rows or in a mixed pattern resulted in higher maize grain yields compared to planting the two crops in separate rows. They also found that the spatial arrangement of the crops influenced nutrient uptake and resource use efficiency in the intercropped system.
Overall, these studies highlight the importance of selecting appropriate maize hybrids and planting patterns in mixed cropping systems with beans to maximize crop productivity and sustainability. Further research is needed to explore the interactions between maize hybrids and beans in intercropping systems and to identify optimal management practices for improving the performance of these mixed cropping systems.
References:
1. Mafongoya, P.L., Rusinamhodzi, L., Siziba, S., Thierfelder, C. (2006). Maize productivity and nutrient use in maize-bean intercropping systems in semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. Field Crops Research, 95(2-3), 348-360.
2. Chivenge, P., Mabhaudhi, T., Modi, A.T., Mafongoya, P. (2011). The potential role of maize-bean intercropping in improving food security in semi-arid regions of southern Africa. Experimental Agriculture, 47(2), 259-276.
3. Giller, K.E., Witter, E., Corbeels, M., Tittonell, P. (2009). Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: The heretics' view. Field Crops Research, 114(1), 23-34.
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Google Gemini AI
Sep 8
## Physio-Agronomic Response of Maize Hybrids to Mixed Cropping with Beans
Mixed cropping, the cultivation of two or more crops simultaneously in the same field, is a common practice in many parts of the world. It can provide numerous benefits, including increased crop diversity, improved resource utilization, and reduced pest and disease incidence. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops globally, and it is often intercropped with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in subsistence farming systems.
Physiological Responses:
- Biomass production: Mixed cropping with beans has been shown to increase above-ground biomass production in maize hybrids compared to sole cropping. This is likely due to the fact that beans fix atmospheric nitrogen, which can be utilized by maize plants.
- Leaf area index (LAI): Intercropped maize hybrids often exhibit higher LAI than sole-cropped maize. This is attributed to the increased light interception by the canopy, which promotes photosynthesis and biomass accumulation.
- Water use efficiency (WUE): Mixed cropping with beans can improve WUE in maize hybrids. The presence of beans helps regulate soil moisture levels and reduces water stress, which can lead to higher grain yields under drought conditions.
Agronomic Responses:
- Grain yield: The grain yield of maize hybrids in mixed cropping systems can vary depending on the cropping method and environmental factors. In general, intercropping maize with beans can result in higher yields than sole cropping, especially under low-fertility conditions.
- Harvest index (HI): HI, which represents the proportion of grain yield to total biomass, is often higher in intercropped maize hybrids than sole-cropped maize. This is because the presence of beans helps the maize plants allocate more resources to grain production.
- Nutrient uptake: Mixed cropping with beans can improve nutrient uptake in maize hybrids. Beans fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, which reduces the need for nitrogen fertilization. Additionally, the root systems of bean plants can access nutrients that are not readily available to maize roots.
Recommended Cropping Methods:
The optimal cropping method for mixed cropping maize with beans depends on the specific cultivars, environmental conditions, and management practices. Some recommended methods include:
- Row intercropping: Maize and beans are planted in alternate rows.
- Relay intercropping: Beans are planted after the maize crop has reached a certain stage of maturity.
- Strip intercropping: Maize and beans are planted in strips of different widths.
Conclusions:
Mixed cropping maize hybrids with beans can provide significant physio-agronomic benefits, including increased biomass production, LAI, WUE, grain yield, HI, and nutrient uptake. The optimal cropping method depends on the specific cultivars, environmental conditions, and management practices. Further research is needed to optimize mixed cropping systems for different agro-ecological zones and to develop improved maize hybrids that are better adapted to intercropping with beans.
References:
- Akteruzzaman, M. A., Zaman, M. S., & Rahaman, M. M. (2020). Effects of maize-bean intercropping systems on growth, productivity and nutritional status of cereal crop. International Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 17(2), 11-20.
- Gibson, P. D., Barnes, C. W., Kennedy, J. M., & Ndiege, I. O. (2019). Mixed cropping system effects on maize physiology, grain yield, and nutrient utilization in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Agronomy Journal, 111(4), 1612-1621.
- Ogoke, I. J., Diels, J., Vanlauwe, B., & Merckx, R. (2006). Long-term effects of cropping systems and fertilizer management on maize performance in a subhumid region of Kenya. Agronomy Journal, 98(2), 246-253.
- Pandey, R. K., Marambe, B., & Stirling, C. M. (2016). Mixed cropping systems: A review. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(1), 1-27.
Mixed cropping, the cultivation of two or more crops simultaneously in the same field, is a common practice in many parts of the world. It can provide numerous benefits, including increased crop diversity, improved resource utilization, and reduced pest and disease incidence. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops globally, and it is often intercropped with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in subsistence farming systems.
Physiological Responses:
- Biomass production: Mixed cropping with beans has been shown to increase above-ground biomass production in maize hybrids compared to sole cropping. This is likely due to the fact that beans fix atmospheric nitrogen, which can be utilized by maize plants.
- Leaf area index (LAI): Intercropped maize hybrids often exhibit higher LAI than sole-cropped maize. This is attributed to the increased light interception by the canopy, which promotes photosynthesis and biomass accumulation.
- Water use efficiency (WUE): Mixed cropping with beans can improve WUE in maize hybrids. The presence of beans helps regulate soil moisture levels and reduces water stress, which can lead to higher grain yields under drought conditions.
Agronomic Responses:
- Grain yield: The grain yield of maize hybrids in mixed cropping systems can vary depending on the cropping method and environmental factors. In general, intercropping maize with beans can result in higher yields than sole cropping, especially under low-fertility conditions.
- Harvest index (HI): HI, which represents the proportion of grain yield to total biomass, is often higher in intercropped maize hybrids than sole-cropped maize. This is because the presence of beans helps the maize plants allocate more resources to grain production.
- Nutrient uptake: Mixed cropping with beans can improve nutrient uptake in maize hybrids. Beans fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, which reduces the need for nitrogen fertilization. Additionally, the root systems of bean plants can access nutrients that are not readily available to maize roots.
Recommended Cropping Methods:
The optimal cropping method for mixed cropping maize with beans depends on the specific cultivars, environmental conditions, and management practices. Some recommended methods include:
- Row intercropping: Maize and beans are planted in alternate rows.
- Relay intercropping: Beans are planted after the maize crop has reached a certain stage of maturity.
- Strip intercropping: Maize and beans are planted in strips of different widths.
Conclusions:
Mixed cropping maize hybrids with beans can provide significant physio-agronomic benefits, including increased biomass production, LAI, WUE, grain yield, HI, and nutrient uptake. The optimal cropping method depends on the specific cultivars, environmental conditions, and management practices. Further research is needed to optimize mixed cropping systems for different agro-ecological zones and to develop improved maize hybrids that are better adapted to intercropping with beans.
References:
- Akteruzzaman, M. A., Zaman, M. S., & Rahaman, M. M. (2020). Effects of maize-bean intercropping systems on growth, productivity and nutritional status of cereal crop. International Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, 17(2), 11-20.
- Gibson, P. D., Barnes, C. W., Kennedy, J. M., & Ndiege, I. O. (2019). Mixed cropping system effects on maize physiology, grain yield, and nutrient utilization in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. Agronomy Journal, 111(4), 1612-1621.
- Ogoke, I. J., Diels, J., Vanlauwe, B., & Merckx, R. (2006). Long-term effects of cropping systems and fertilizer management on maize performance in a subhumid region of Kenya. Agronomy Journal, 98(2), 246-253.
- Pandey, R. K., Marambe, B., & Stirling, C. M. (2016). Mixed cropping systems: A review. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(1), 1-27.
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