1. Direct contact between infected and susceptible animals 2. Indirect contact through contaminated objects or surfaces 3. Airborne transmission through respiratory droplets 4. Vector-borne transmission through insects or other arthropods 5. Fecal-oral transmission through contaminated food or water 6. Vertical transmission from mother to offspring 7. Sexual transmission 8. Bloodborne transmission through bites or scratches 9. Zoonotic transmission from animals to humans 10. Environmental transmission through contaminated soil or water sources