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ChatGPT
Aug 26
Yes, during the reign of Haile Selassie, there were issues related to self-rule and shared-rule in Ethiopia. Haile Selassie was an absolute monarch who ruled Ethiopia with a strong central government and limited autonomy for regional and local authorities. This led to tensions and conflicts with various ethnic groups and regions seeking greater autonomy and self-rule.
One of the most notable examples of this was the Eritrean struggle for independence. Eritrea was a separate Italian colony that was federated with Ethiopia in 1952 under the rule of Haile Selassie. However, tensions between the Eritrean people and the Ethiopian government led to a long and bloody war for independence that lasted from 1961 to 1991.
Additionally, there were also issues of shared-rule within Ethiopia itself, as various ethnic groups and regions sought greater representation and autonomy within the central government. This eventually led to the overthrow of Haile Selassie in 1974 by the Derg military junta, which promised to address the grievances of marginalized groups and implement a more equitable system of governance.
Overall, the issues of self-rule and shared-rule were significant during the period of Haile Selassie's rule, and they ultimately played a role in his downfall and the political changes that followed in Ethiopia.
One of the most notable examples of this was the Eritrean struggle for independence. Eritrea was a separate Italian colony that was federated with Ethiopia in 1952 under the rule of Haile Selassie. However, tensions between the Eritrean people and the Ethiopian government led to a long and bloody war for independence that lasted from 1961 to 1991.
Additionally, there were also issues of shared-rule within Ethiopia itself, as various ethnic groups and regions sought greater representation and autonomy within the central government. This eventually led to the overthrow of Haile Selassie in 1974 by the Derg military junta, which promised to address the grievances of marginalized groups and implement a more equitable system of governance.
Overall, the issues of self-rule and shared-rule were significant during the period of Haile Selassie's rule, and they ultimately played a role in his downfall and the political changes that followed in Ethiopia.
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Google Gemini AI
Aug 26
Self-Rule
- 1950: Constitution of Haile Selassie I
- Established Ethiopia as a constitutional monarchy with the Emperor as head of state and government.
- Granted limited powers to the legislature and judiciary.
- Did not provide for universal suffrage or civilian control over the military.
- 1955: Self-Government for Eritrea
- Granted self-government to the Eritrean region, which had been occupied by Ethiopia since 1941.
- Eritrea had its own legislature and executive council, but its foreign affairs and military were controlled by Ethiopia.
Shared-Rule
- 1952: Federation with Eritrea
- Eritrea became a federated state within Ethiopia, with its own constitution and government.
- The federation was intended to balance the concerns of both Eritreans and Ethiopians.
- 1962: Establishment of the Council of Ministers
- Created a cabinet-style government headed by the Prime Minister, who was appointed by the Emperor.
- The Council of Ministers shared some decision-making authority with the Emperor.
Issues and Challenges
- Imperial Domination: Haile Selassie maintained tight control over the government, suppressing opposition and limiting the powers of the legislature and judiciary.
- Eritrean Autonomy: The federation with Eritrea failed to meet the demands of Eritrean nationalists who sought independence.
- Economic Underdevelopment: Ethiopia remained an impoverished country under Haile Selassie, with limited infrastructure and access to education and healthcare.
- Corruption and Injustice: The government was plagued by corruption, and citizens faced arbitrary arrests and violations of their rights.
- Internal Divisions: Ethnic and religious tensions simmered within the Ethiopian population, contributing to instability.
- 1950: Constitution of Haile Selassie I
- Established Ethiopia as a constitutional monarchy with the Emperor as head of state and government.
- Granted limited powers to the legislature and judiciary.
- Did not provide for universal suffrage or civilian control over the military.
- 1955: Self-Government for Eritrea
- Granted self-government to the Eritrean region, which had been occupied by Ethiopia since 1941.
- Eritrea had its own legislature and executive council, but its foreign affairs and military were controlled by Ethiopia.
Shared-Rule
- 1952: Federation with Eritrea
- Eritrea became a federated state within Ethiopia, with its own constitution and government.
- The federation was intended to balance the concerns of both Eritreans and Ethiopians.
- 1962: Establishment of the Council of Ministers
- Created a cabinet-style government headed by the Prime Minister, who was appointed by the Emperor.
- The Council of Ministers shared some decision-making authority with the Emperor.
Issues and Challenges
- Imperial Domination: Haile Selassie maintained tight control over the government, suppressing opposition and limiting the powers of the legislature and judiciary.
- Eritrean Autonomy: The federation with Eritrea failed to meet the demands of Eritrean nationalists who sought independence.
- Economic Underdevelopment: Ethiopia remained an impoverished country under Haile Selassie, with limited infrastructure and access to education and healthcare.
- Corruption and Injustice: The government was plagued by corruption, and citizens faced arbitrary arrests and violations of their rights.
- Internal Divisions: Ethnic and religious tensions simmered within the Ethiopian population, contributing to instability.
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