Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs), also known as intrauterine devices (IUDs), are small, T-shaped devices that are inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. They are a form of long-acting reversible contraception.
There are two main types of IUCDs: hormonal and non-hormonal. Hormonal IUCDs release a small amount of progestin hormone into the uterus, which thickens the cervical mucus, thins the uterine lining, and sometimes prevents ovulation. Non-hormonal IUCDs are made of copper, which creates an environment in the uterus that is toxic to sperm, preventing fertilization.
IUCDs are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, with a failure rate of less than 1%. They can be used for several years, depending on the type, and can be easily removed by a healthcare provider if desired.
Some common brands of IUCDs include Mirena, Skyla, Kyleena, and Paragard. They are typically inserted by a healthcare provider and require a prescription.
It's important to note that IUCDs do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), so additional barrier methods, such as condoms, may be necessary for STI prevention.