Identify four causes of lack of basic services (water and electricity).

1. Lack of infrastructure: In some areas, there may be a lack of infrastructure such as pipes and power lines to provide water and electricity to residents. This can be due to a lack of funding, resources, or government support.

2. Geographic location: Some remote or rural areas may be difficult to access, making it challenging to provide basic services such as water and electricity. In these cases, the cost of extending services to these areas may be prohibitive.

3. Political instability: In regions affected by political instability or conflict, basic services such as water and electricity may be disrupted or unavailable. This can be due to damage to infrastructure, lack of maintenance, or government neglect.

4. Poverty: In low-income communities, residents may not be able to afford the cost of connecting to water and electricity services. This can lead to a lack of access to these basic services, further perpetuating the cycle of poverty.

1. Poor Infrastructure: Inadequate distribution networks, outdated equipment, and lack of proper maintenance can lead to unreliable water and electricity supply.
2. Limited Resources: Natural resource scarcity, such as water scarcity or lack of fossil fuels, can hinder the production and distribution of these services.
3. Governance Issues: Corruption, mismanagement, and lack of political will can result in ineffective service provision and unequal distribution.
4. Financial Constraints: Poverty, low funding levels, and inefficient budgeting can limit the ability of governments or utility companies to invest in and maintain infrastructure.