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ChatGPT
May 15
I'm sorry, but I am not familiar with the term "Hystophobin." It may be a misspelling or a rare term. Can you provide more context or information so I can better understand and assist you?
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Google Gemini AI
May 15
Hystophobin
Definition:
Hystophobin is a type of glycoprotein that is attached to the surface of muscle cells in the heart.
Function:
- Cell adhesion: Hystophobin helps muscle cells adhere to each other, forming the interconnected network of cardiac muscle fibers.
- Structural stability: It provides structural stability to the heart muscle, helping to maintain its shape and function.
- Mechanotransduction: Hystophobin may play a role in mechanotransduction, where mechanical forces are translated into biochemical signals within the cell.
Structure:
Hystophobin is a large extracellular protein with a molecular weight of approximately 120 kDa. It consists of:
- A transmembrane domain that anchors it to the muscle cell membrane.
- A single-pass transmembrane domain.
- A globular extracellular domain that interacts with other hystophobin molecules and other extracellular matrix proteins.
Expression:
Hystophobin is expressed predominantly in the heart, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. It is found in both fetal and adult tissues.
Clinical Significance:
Mutations in the gene encoding hystophobin can lead to a rare genetic disorder called restrictive cardiomyopathy. This disorder is characterized by impaired ventricular relaxation and filling, resulting in heart failure.
Other Functions:
In addition to its role in muscle cell adhesion and mechanotransduction, hystophobin has been implicated in other functions, including:
- Cell signaling: It may regulate cell growth and differentiation.
- Immune response: It may play a role in the immune response to damaged heart tissue.
- Tumor suppression: It has been suggested that hystophobin may have tumor-suppressing properties.
Definition:
Hystophobin is a type of glycoprotein that is attached to the surface of muscle cells in the heart.
Function:
- Cell adhesion: Hystophobin helps muscle cells adhere to each other, forming the interconnected network of cardiac muscle fibers.
- Structural stability: It provides structural stability to the heart muscle, helping to maintain its shape and function.
- Mechanotransduction: Hystophobin may play a role in mechanotransduction, where mechanical forces are translated into biochemical signals within the cell.
Structure:
Hystophobin is a large extracellular protein with a molecular weight of approximately 120 kDa. It consists of:
- A transmembrane domain that anchors it to the muscle cell membrane.
- A single-pass transmembrane domain.
- A globular extracellular domain that interacts with other hystophobin molecules and other extracellular matrix proteins.
Expression:
Hystophobin is expressed predominantly in the heart, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. It is found in both fetal and adult tissues.
Clinical Significance:
Mutations in the gene encoding hystophobin can lead to a rare genetic disorder called restrictive cardiomyopathy. This disorder is characterized by impaired ventricular relaxation and filling, resulting in heart failure.
Other Functions:
In addition to its role in muscle cell adhesion and mechanotransduction, hystophobin has been implicated in other functions, including:
- Cell signaling: It may regulate cell growth and differentiation.
- Immune response: It may play a role in the immune response to damaged heart tissue.
- Tumor suppression: It has been suggested that hystophobin may have tumor-suppressing properties.
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