How to perform local examination for fracture and dislocation??

1. Begin by inspecting the affected area for any visible signs of deformity, swelling, bruising, or discoloration.

2. Gently palpate the area to check for tenderness, warmth, or any abnormal sensations.

3. Assess the range of motion of the affected joint or limb. Ask the patient to move the affected area and note any limitations or pain during movement.

4. Perform specific tests to check for stability and integrity of the joint. For example, for a suspected shoulder dislocation, perform the apprehension test or relocation test.

5. Check for any neurovascular compromise by assessing the patient's sensation, strength, and circulation in the affected limb.

6. If there is suspicion of a fracture, perform a neurovascular assessment before and after any manipulation or reduction of the fracture.

7. Consider ordering imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the injury.

8. Document your findings, including any abnormalities, limitations in range of motion, and neurovascular status, in the patient's medical record.

9. Consult with an orthopedic specialist for further evaluation and management of the fracture or dislocation.