Wordsworth's Valuation of Democratic Spirit in Poetry: A Comprehensive Analysis from the Preface to Lyrical Ballads
William Wordsworth's "Preface to Lyrical Ballads" (1800), a seminal work in the history of Romantic poetry, serves as an eloquent manifesto for his revolutionary approach to writing, emphasizing the significance of democratic spirit in poetic composition. Wordsworth believed that poetry should be accessible to all, regardless of social status or education, privileging the voices and experiences of the common man.
Breaking Barriers of Elitism
Wordsworth lamented the "artificial distinction" prevalent in当时的literature, which he perceived as catering primarily to an elite audience. He sought to democratize poetry by breaking down the barriers that separated it from the masses. By using simple language, drawing inspiration from everyday life, and focusing on the universality of human experience, Wordsworth aimed to create poetry that resonated with people from all walks of life.
"I have at all times thought that to use the language of conversation in the writing of prose is not only sufficient for intelligibility, but that it is also the most accurate and the most powerful."
The Common Man as Muse
Wordsworth celebrated the common man as a worthy subject for poetry, rejecting the conventional belief that only the lives and experiences of the upper classes were suitable for literary treatment. He believed that the humble and often overlooked members of society possessed a richness and depth of experience that could inspire profound and moving poetry.
"Humble and rustic life was generally chosen, because, in that condition, the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity."
Universal Themes and Emotions
By focusing on the common experiences and emotions shared by all humans, Wordsworth sought to create a poetry that transcended social boundaries and spoke to the universal human condition. He believed that poetry could bridge the gaps between people, fostering a sense of unity and fellow-feeling.
"I have endeavored to follow the fluxes and refluxes of the mind when agitated by the great and simple affections of our nature."
Simplicity and Authenticity
Wordsworth's democratic spirit was reflected in his emphasis on simplicity and authenticity. He believed that poetry should be stripped of artifice and pretension, and that it should speak directly to the heart. He urged poets to use plain language and to draw their inspiration from real life, rather than resorting to exaggerated or artificial imagery.
"The poet writes under one restriction only, namely, that of the necessity of giving immediate pleasure to a human Being possessed of that information which may be expected from him, not as a lawyer, a physician, a mariner, an astronomer, or a natural philosopher, but as a Man."
Conclusion
Wordsworth's valuation of democratic spirit in poetry was revolutionary for its time, challenging the elitist conventions that had long dominated literature. By breaking down barriers of language, subject matter, and audience, he democratized poetry and made it accessible to all. His emphasis on simplicity, authenticity, and universal themes ensured that his poetry resonated with people from all walks of life, fostering a sense of unity and fellow-feeling. Wordsworth's legacy as a champion of democratic spirit in poetry continues to inspire poets and readers alike, reminding us of the power of poetry to bridge divides and connect us to our common humanity.