How do age, smoking, male gender, diabetes, lack of physical activity, and hypertension lead to myocardial infarction?

Age: As individuals age, their arteries become less flexible and more prone to plaque buildup, which can lead to a blockage in the coronary arteries and result in a myocardial infarction.

Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for myocardial infarction as it damages the lining of the arteries, increases the buildup of plaque, and decreases the amount of oxygen that reaches the heart muscle.

Male gender: Men are at a higher risk of myocardial infarction compared to women, likely due to hormonal differences and lifestyle factors that are more common in men, such as smoking and lack of physical activity.

Diabetes: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for myocardial infarction as it can lead to damage of the blood vessels and nerves, increase inflammation, and contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Lack of physical activity: Regular physical activity helps to maintain a healthy weight, lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of developing diabetes, all of which are important factors in preventing myocardial infarction.

Hypertension: High blood pressure puts added strain on the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of damage to the arteries and leading to a higher likelihood of a myocardial infarction.