Function of lungs?

The main function of the lungs is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air we breathe and our bloodstream. This process, known as respiration, allows oxygen to be taken in by the body and carbon dioxide to be removed. The lungs also help regulate the body's pH balance and play a role in immune defense by filtering out harmful particles and pathogens from the air.

Essential Function:

- Gas exchange: The lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air.

Specific Functions:

1. Respiration:
- Inhale atmospheric air, delivering oxygen to the bloodstream.
- Exhale carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism.

2. Oxygenation:
- Transfer oxygen from the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) to the bloodstream.

3. Carbon dioxide removal:
- Allow carbon dioxide to diffuse from the bloodstream into the alveoli and be exhaled.

4. Blood pH regulation:
- Excretion of excess carbon dioxide helps maintain a proper blood pH balance.

5. Voice production:
- The vibration of vocal cords in the larynx (located above the lungs) produces sound, which is modified by the lungs.

6. Temperature regulation:
- Evaporative heat loss occurs through the exhalation of moist air.

7. Protection:
- The lungs act as a barrier, preventing harmful substances from entering the bloodstream.
- Mucus and cilia in the airways trap and expel foreign particles.

8. Immune function:
- Resident immune cells in the lungs protect against infections and inhaled pathogens.

9. Blood pressure regulation:
- Stretch receptors in the lungs can influence blood pressure by triggering changes in heart rate and blood vessel diameter.

10. Hormone secretion:
- The lungs produce and secrete hormones that regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.