From the graphical representation of boiling points of homologous series ( Alcohols, Amines and , Alkanes) , number of heavy atoms on x- axis, describe your observations and later explaindescription?

From the graphical representation of boiling points of homologous series (Alcohols, Amines, and Alkanes) with the number of heavy atoms on the x-axis, the following observations can be made:

1. Alkanes: As the number of heavy atoms increases, the boiling point also increases. This is because the intermolecular forces (Van der Waals forces) between alkane molecules increase with the increase in molecular size and surface area. These forces require more energy to break, resulting in a higher boiling point.

2. Alcohols: The boiling points of alcohols are generally higher than those of alkanes with the same number of heavy atoms. This is due to the presence of hydrogen bonding in alcohols. Hydrogen bonding is a stronger intermolecular force compared to Van der Waals forces, and it requires more energy to break, leading to higher boiling points.

3. Amines: The boiling points of amines are generally lower than those of alcohols with the same number of heavy atoms. This is because amines can form hydrogen bonds, but they are weaker compared to the hydrogen bonds formed in alcohols. Additionally, amines can also exhibit dipole-dipole interactions, which contribute to their boiling points. However, these intermolecular forces are generally weaker than hydrogen bonding, resulting in lower boiling points for amines compared to alcohols.

In summary, the boiling points of these homologous series increase with an increase in the number of heavy atoms. However, the presence of hydrogen bonding in alcohols and weaker hydrogen bonding/dipole-dipole interactions in amines can cause deviations from this trend.