Forms of government

1. Democracy - a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through elected representatives.

2. Monarchy - a form of government in which a single ruler, such as a king or queen, holds supreme authority and power.

3. Oligarchy - a form of government in which power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals or families.

4. Dictatorship - a form of government in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual, known as a dictator, who rules with absolute authority.

5. Theocracy - a form of government in which religious leaders hold political power and govern according to religious principles.

6. Federalism - a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional governments, such as states or provinces.

7. Parliamentary - a system of government in which the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature.

8. Presidential - a system of government in which the executive branch is separate from the legislative branch and the president is elected by the people and serves as both head of state and head of government.

9. Totalitarianism - a form of government in which the state seeks to control every aspect of public and private life, often through the use of propaganda, censorship, and repression.

10. Anarchy - a state of society without government or law.

Monarchy
- Rule by a single individual
- Power is inherited or appointed

Republic
- Rule by elected officials
- Power is derived from the people

Democracy
- Government by the people
- Citizens elect representatives to make decisions

Types of Democracies
- Direct democracy: citizens make decisions directly through voting
- Indirect democracy (representative democracy): citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf

Types of Monarchies
- Absolute monarchy: power of the monarch is unlimited
- Constitutional monarchy: power of the monarch is limited by a constitution

Types of Republics
- Parliamentary republic: government is led by a prime minister and a cabinet that is responsible to the legislature
- Presidential republic: government is led by a president who is both the head of state and the head of government

Other Forms of Government
- Dictatorship: rule by a single individual with absolute power
- Oligarchy: rule by a small group of individuals
- Theocracy: rule by religious leaders

Hybrid Forms of Government
- Parliamentary monarchy: a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary republic system
- Semi-presidential republic: a republic with a president who has both executive and legislative powers